56- Surat Alwaqi'ah/Tafseer
96 Verses, Meccan (revealed in Mecca)
A'auzu Bellahi mena alshaiytani alrajeem
I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan
Besmi Ellahi Alrhmani Alraheem
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Iza waqa-ati Alwaqi'ah (1).
When the Occurrence occurs.
Laytha li-waq-atiha kazibah (2).
There will be no denial for its occurrence.
Khafidatun rafi-ah (3).
It will bring down, and raise up.
Iza rujjati al-ardru rajja (4).
When the earth will be shaken with a quake.
Wa bussati al-jibalu bassa (5).
And the mountains will be crumbled with a thorough crumbling.
Fa-kant haba-an munbatha (6).
And become dust dispersing.
Wa kuntum azwajan thalathah (7).
And you become of three kinds.
Fa-as-habu al-maymanati ma as-habu al-maymanah (8).
Then the Companions of the right, What are the Companions of the right?.
Wa as-habu al-mash-amati ma as-habu al-mash-amah (9).
And the Companions of the left, What are the Companions of the left?.
Wa alsabiquna alsabiqun (10).
And the Forerunners, the Forerunners.
Aulaeka al-muqarrabun (11).
Those are the ones brought near.
Fee jannati alnaeem (12).
In the Gardens of bliss.
Thullatun mina al-awwaleen (13).
A company of the former peoples.
Wa qalilun mena al-akhireen (14).
And a few of the later peoples.
Ala sururin mawdunah (15).
On thrones, woven.
Muttaki-ina alayha mutaqabileen (16).
Reclining on them, facing each other.
Yatufu alayhim wildanun mukhalladun (17).
There will circulate among them young boys made immortal.
Bi-akwabin wa abareeqa wa ka'sin men ma-een (18).
With vessels, and jugs and a cup from a flowing spring.
La yousaddauna anha wa la younzifun (19).
From which they will neither suffer headache nor will they be intoxicated.
Wa fakihatin mimma yatakhayyarun (20).
And fruit of what they select.
Wa lahmi tayrin mimma yashtahun (21).
And the meat of birds, from whatever they desire.
Wa Hurun Ain (22).
And Houris, having big eyes.
Ka-amthali al-lu'lu'e al-maknun (23).
The likenesses of pearls, well-protected.
Jaza-an bi-ma kanu ya'malun (24).
As a reward for what they used to do.
La yasma-una feeha laghwan wa la ta'theema (25).
They will not hear therein vain speech nor sinful talk.
Ella qeelan salaman salama (26).
Only a saying, peace, peace.
Wa as-habu al-yamini ma as-habu al-yamin (27).
And the Companions of the right, What are the Companions of the right?.
Fee sedrin makhdud (28).
Among Lote-trees, thornless.
Wa talhin mandud (29).
And trees of tall, layered.
Wa zillin mamdud (30).
And a shade, extended.
Wa ma-in maskub (31).
And water, poured out.
Wa fakihatin kathirah (32).
And fruit, abundant.
La maqtu-atin wa la mamnu-ah (33).
Neither interrupted nor forbidden.
Wa furushin marfu-ah (34).
And beds, raised high.
Inna ansha'nahunna inshaa (35).
Indeed, We have produced them in a new creation.
Fa-ja-alnahunna abkara (36).
And made them virgins.
Auruban Atraba (37).
Devoted and of equal age.
Li-as-habi al-yamin (38).
For the Companions of the right.
Thullatun mina al-awwaleen (39).
A company of the former peoples.
Wa thullatun mina al-akhireen (40).
And a company of the later peoples.
Wa as-habu alshimali ma as-habu alshimal (41).
And the Companions of the left, What are the Companions of the left?.
Fee samumin wa hameem (42).
In scorching fire and scalding water.
Wa zillin men yahmum (43).
And a shade of black smoke.
La baridin wa la kareem (44).
Neither cool nor beneficial.
Innahum kanu qabla zalika mutrafeen (45).
Indeed, they were, before that, indulging in affluence.
Wa kanu yousirruna ala al-hinthi al-azeem (46).
And they used to persist in the great violation.
Wa kanu yaquluna a-iza mitna wa kunna turaban
wa izaman a-inna la-mab-uthun (47).
And they used to say, Is it that when we
die and become dust and bones, Are we indeed to be resurrected?.
Awa aba-una al-awwalun (48).
And our forefathers as well?.
Qul inna al-awwalina wa al-akhireen (49).
Say, indeed, the former and the later
peoples.
La-majmu-una ila meiqati yawmin ma'lum (50).
Are to be gathered together for the appointment of a known day.
Thumma innakum ayyuha aldalluna al-mukazzibun
(51).
Then indeed you, O those astray, deniers.
La-akiluna men shajarin men Zaqqum (52).
You will have to eat from the trees of Zaqqum.
Fa-mali-una minha al-butun (53).
And to fill with it the bellies.
Fa-sharibuna alayhi mena al-hameem (54).
And you will have to drink boiling water on top of it.
Fa-sharibuna shurba al-heem (55).
And will drink as the drinking of the thirsty
camels.
Haza nuzuluhum yawma alddin (56).
That is their hospitality on the day of Judgment.
Nahnu khalaqnakum fa-lawla tusaddiqun (57).
We have created you, so Why do you not believe?.
Afa-ra-aytum ma tumnun (58).
Do you see what you put from semen?.
A-antum takhlukunahu am nahnu al-khaliqun (59).
Is it you who create it, or Are We the Creator?.
Nahnu qaddarna baynakumu al-mawta wa ma nahnu bi-masbuqeen (60).
We have decreed death among you, and We are not to be outdone.
Ala an nubaddila amthalakum wa nunshi-akum fee ma
la ta'lamun (61).
In that We will replace your likenesses, and
produce you in that which you do not know.
Wa la-qad alimtumu alnash-ata al-aula fa-lawla
tazakkarun (62).
And you have already known the first creation, so Why do you not remember?.
Afa-ra-aytum ma tahruthun (63).
And Do you see that which you sow?.
A-antum tazra-unahu am nahnu alzariun (64).
Is it you who make it grow, or Are We the Grower?.
Laww nashau la-ja-alnahu hutaman fa-zaltum
tafakkahun (65).
If We willed, We could make it debris, and you would remain in wonder.
Inna la-mughramun (66).
Indeed, we are in debt.
Bal nahnu mahrumun (67).
Rather, we have been deprived.
Afa-ra-aytumu al-maa allazi tashrabun (68).
And Do you see the water that you drink?.
A-antum anzaltumuhu mina al-muzni am nahnu al-munzilun (69).
Is it you who brought it down from the clouds, or Is it We who bring it down?.
Laww nashau ja-alnahu aujajan fa-lawla
tashkurun (70).
If We willed, we could make it bitter, so Why do you not give thanks?.
Afa-ra-aytumu alnara allati turun (71).
And Do you see the fire that you
ignite?.
A-antum anhsa'tum shajarataha am nahnu al-munshiun (72).
Is it you who originated its tree, or Are We the Originator?.
Nahnu ja-alnaha
tazkiratan wa mata-an lil-muqween (73).
We have made it a
reminder and a benefit for the travelers.
Fa-sabbih bi-smi Rabbika Al-azeem (74).
So Glorify the Name of
your Lord, the Most Great.
Fa-la auqsimu bi-mawaqii alnujum (75).
So, I swear by the setting places of the stars.
Wa innahu la-qasamun
laww ta'lamuna azeem (76).
And indeed, it is
surely a great oath, if you could know.
Innahu la-quranun
kareem (77).
Indeed, it is a Noble
Quran.
Fee kitabin maknun
(78).
In a Book,
well-protected.
La yamassuhu illa al-mutahharun
(79).
None touch it
except the purified ones.
Tanzilun men Rabbi
al-alameen (80).
A revelation from the
Lord of the worlds.
Afa-bi-haza alhadithi
antum mud-hinun (81).
Then is it to this statement that you are indifferent?.
Wa taj-aluna rizqakum
annakum tukazzibun (82).
And make your
provision that you deny?.
Fa-lawla iza balaghati
al-hulqum (83).
Then Why, when the soul reaches the throat.
Wa antum hina-izin
tanzurun (84).
And you are at that
time looking on.
Wa nahnu aqrabu ilayhi minkum wa lakin la tubsirun (85).
And We are nearer to
him than you, but you do not see.
Fa-lawla in kuntum
ghayra madineen (86).
Then Why do you not, if you are not to be recompensed.
Tarji-unaha in kuntum
sadiqeen (87).
Bring it back, if you
are truthful?.
Fa-amma in kana mena
al-muqarrabeen (88).
And if he was of
those brought near.
Fa-rawhun wa rayhanun
wa jannatu naeem (89).
Then rest and provision and a garden of bliss.
Wa amma in kana men
as-habi al-yameen (90).
And if he was of the Companions of the right.
Fa-salamun laka men as-habi al-yameen (91).
Then peace for
you that you are of the Companions of the right.
Wa amma in kana mina
al-mukazzibeena alddallin (92).
But if he was one of
the deniers, the astray.
Fa-nuzulun men hameem
(93).
Then hospitality of scalding water.
Wa tasliyatu jaheem
(94).
And burning in the
Hell.
Inna haza la-huwa haqqu al-yaqeen (95).
Indeed, this is the true certainty.
Fa-sabbih bi-smi Rabbika Al-Azeem (96).
So glorify the Name of
your Lord, the Most Great.
Simplified interpretation:
Surat Alwaqi'ah deals with the day of resurrection; describing the attributes of Paradise and its inhabitants, namely the Forerunners and the Companions of the Right, as well as the attributes of Hellfire and its inhabitants, who are the Companions of the Left. Masruq said: Whoever wishes to know the news of the ancient and later generations, the news of the people of Paradise and the people of Hell, and the news of the people of this world and the Hereafter, Let him recite Surat Alwaqi'ah. And as narrated by Abu Ishaq from Ikrimmah: "Abu Bakr, May Allah be pleased with Him, said O Messenger of Allah! You have become gray, He (PBUH) said I have gone gray from Hud, Alwaqi'ah, Almursalaat, Amma yatasa'lun (Alnab'), and Iza alshamsu kauwweratt (Alltakwir) (Jami' Altirmidhi 3297).
Allah Almighty says in the first three verses (1-3) "When the Occurrence occurs, there will be no denial for its occurrence, it will bring down, and raise up", that is, Allah tells about some of the events of the day of resurrection saying when the Occurrence (Alwaqi'ah) occurs, and Alwaqi'ah is one of the names of the day of resurrection, Imam Al-Qurtubi: What is meant by Alwaqi'ah is the final blowing of the trumpet, and it is called Alwaqi'ah because it will occur soon, and it was said: because of the many hardships that it will occur on that day. So Allah confirms that the day of resurrection will inevitably happen, so when Allah wills its occurrence, there is nothing to avert it or push it back, and Qatada said there is no turning back or reversal regarding it, so everything regarding it occurrence is true.
At that time, it will bring down and raise up, so it will cast down into Hellfire people who were mighty in the worldly life,and will raise to the mercy of Allah and His Paradise people who were lowly in the worldly life. Qatada said it will bring some people down to the punishment of Allah and raise others up to the obedience of Allah, and Umar bin Al-Khattab said: it brought the enemies of Allah down to the Fire, and raised the allies of Allah up to Paradise.
Allah Almighty says in the next three verses (4-6) "When the earth will be shaken with a quake, and the mountains will be crumbled with a thorough crumbling, and become dust dispersing", that is, Allah describes some scenes of the day of resurrection saying that the day of resurrection (Alwaqi'ah) will occur when the earth will be shaken with a quake, and Imam Ibn Katheer said: It is set in motion, causing it to quake and convulse throughout its length and breadth, therefore, Ibn Abbas, Mujahid, Qatada, and others said: It is convulsed by a violent earthquake. And the mountains will be crumbled with a thorough crumbling, and become dust dispersing, so the mountains will be crumbled into fragments, becoming moistened flour, Imam Al-Tabari and Imam Al-Qurtubi stated that the word "bassa" is derived from the word "basisia"; among the Arabs, basisa refers to flour mixed with ghee or oil, prepared as a provision for a journey. And the mountains will become dust dispersing, Ali bin Abi Talib, May Allah be pleased with him, said that it refers to the fine dust that rises up and then vanishes, leaving nothing behind. Al-Awfi reported from Ibn Abbas that it refers to the particles that fly off from a fire; when a fire blazes, sparks fly from it, and upon landing, they amount to nothing. Ikrimah said it refers to that which the winds scattered and dispersed, and Qatada said it is like the dry broken plant debris that the winds scatter to the right and to the left.
Allah Almighty says in the next four verses (7-10) "And you become of three kinds, then the Companions of the right, What are the Companions of the right?, and the Companions of the left, What are the Companions of the left?, and the Forerunners, the Forerunners", that is, on the day of resurrection, people will be divided into three categories: the Companions of the right, who will be given their records in their right hands and led towards the right, and Alsuddi said that they constitute the majority of the inhabitants of Paradise, the Companions of the left, who are the inhabitants of Hellfire, to whom their records will be given in their left hands, and who will be led towards the left. Imam Al-Qurtubi said: the repetition in the phrases "What are the Companions of the right?", and "What are the Companions of the left?", serves to magnify what both parties will find with their Lord and elicit amazement.
And the Forerunners, who hold a rank higher than that of the Companions of the right, and they are fewer in number than the Companions of the right. The scholars of exegesis differed regarding who are meant by "the Forerunners"; some said: They are those who prayed facing both Qiblas (Jerusalem and Mecca), Abu Sawdah stated that the Forerunners are those who were earliest to set out for the mosques and swiftest to march forth in the way of Allah (Jihad), and Muhammad bin Ka'b Al-Qurazi said that they are the Prophets. Imam Al-Tabari said: The Forerunners constitute the third group, those who were the first to believe in Allah and His Messenger (PBUH), namely the first Emigrants (Muhajireen).
Al-Hassan, Ikrimah, and Qatada said: They are the Forerunners from every nation, and Al-Hassan stated that Allah has made the number of the Companions of the right from the previous nations equal to the number of the Companions of the right from this nation, and the Forerunners from the previous nations are more numerous than the Forerunners of this nation. And this is the most correct of the views, as the Forerunners are the ones who were foremost in faith, believing in Allah and His Messengers when their people opposed them. The Forerunners of the Ummah of Muhammad (PBUH) are those who supported the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) from among the Muhajireen and the Ansar when His people opposed Him, as Allah's says in Aya (100) of Surat Altawbah {And the first Forerunners among the Muhajireen and the Ansar}. Specifically, they are the ones who supported Him before the Conquest of Mecca, as they hold a higher rank than those who came after them as Allah has stated in Aya (10) of Surat Alhadid {Not equal are those of you who spent before the conquest and fought, those are greater in degree than those who spent afterwards and fought}.
Allah Almighty says in the next sixteen verses (11-26) "Those are the ones brought near, in the Gardens of bliss, a company of the former peoples, and a few of the later peoples, on thrones, woven, reclining on them, facing each other, there will circulate among them young boys made immortal, with vessels, and jugs and a cup from a flowing spring, from which they will neither suffer headache nor will they be intoxicated, and fruit of what they select, and the meat of birds, from whatever they desire, and Houris, having big eyes, the likenesses of pearls, well-protected, as a reward for what they used to do, they will not hear therein vain speech nor sinful talk, only a saying, peace, peace", that is, The forerunners are the ones brought near to Allah on the day of resurrection, and they will enter the gardens of everlasting bliss, and the gardens of bliss (Jannatu Alna-eem) is one of the names of Paradise. They will be a multitude from the past nations, and a few from the later ones, meaning those who believe in the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Imam Al-Qurtubi said: They were few in number compared to those who came before them; For the earlier Prophet were numerous and the number of those who were the first to believe in was large, exceeding the number of those who were the first to believe in the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). It has been said these two verses are abrogated by Ayat (39,40) of this Surah "A company of the former peoples, and a company of the later peoples", but this is not the case, as they refer to two distinct groups; the Forerunners and the Companions of the right as will come later.
The Forerunners will be on thrones, woven very tightly. Ibn Abbas, Mujahid, Ikrimah, Qatada, and others said that the thrones will be woven with gold, Alsuddi said: they are woven with gold and pearls. and the Forerunners will recline on the thrones, facing each other, so their faces are turned toward each other, no one is behind another, and none sees the back of another. Mujahid and others said that the thrones will turn with them and this applies to the believer, his wife, and his family. There will circulate among the Forerunners young boys made immortal, so they remain forever in the same state; they do not age, turn grey, or undergo any changes. Imam Al-Qurtubi stated: The point is that the Forerunners are in a state of utmost joy and bliss; and bliss is only truly complete when one is surrounded by servants attending to his needs. The immortal boys will service the Forerunners with vessels, jugs, and a cup of wine from a flowing spring, a wine unlike that of this world, for it is a pleasure free from harm, causing neither headache nor intoxication. Aldahhak reported from Ibn Abbas: Wine has four qualities: intoxication, headache, vomiting, and urination, Allah mentioned the wine of Paradise and declared it free of these qualities.
The immortal boys will service the Forerunners with fruits, specifically, the kinds of fruit they choose for themselves from Paradise, and the meat of birds from whatever they desire; this serves as evidence of the abundance and diversity of the blessing is, Anas bin Malik narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) was asked What is Al-Kawthar?, He said that is a river that Allah has given Me, meaning in Paradise, whiter than milk and sweeter than honey, in it are birds whose necks are like the necks of camels, Umar said indeed this is plump and luxurious then, so the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said those who consume it are more plump than it" (Jami' Altirmidhi 2542).
For the Forerunners in Paradise, there will be Houris, having big eyes (Hur Ain), and Imam Al-Tabari said: Hur is the plural of Hawra', referring to a woman whose eyes are intensely white and intensely black. And the Houris resemble well-protected pearls in their whiteness and purity, Imam Al-Qurtubi said: They are the likenesses of well-protected pearls that which has been touched by no hand and upon which no dust has settled, possesses the utmost clarity and brilliance. And Allah assures that what He has bestowed upon them of eternal bliss in Paradise is a reward for the obedience to Allah and His Messengers and the good deeds that they performed during their worldly life. They will hear neither vain speech nor sinful talk, so they will hear therein neither idle talk nor speech that leads to sin, such as that which stirs up discord and animosity among them, and their greeting to one another is "Peace, Peace", signifying the love and harmony that prevail among them.
Allah describes the conditions of the companions of the right in the next fourteen verses (27-40) "And the companions of the right, what are the companions of the right?, among Lote-trees, thornless, and trees of tall, layered, and a shade, extended, and a water, poured out, and fruits, abundant, neither interrupted nor forbidden, and beds, raised high, indeed, We have created them, creation, and We have made them virgins, devoted and of equal age, for the companions of the right, a company of the former people, and a company of the later people", where Allah describes the bliss that He prepared for the companions of the right, and He says "What are the companions of the right?" to magnify the bliss that they will find. They will be among lote-trees whose thorns have been removed, and tress of tall with layers one upon the other like banana tree, and a shade which is long extended, and our Prophet (PBUH) has described that shade, and said in narration of Abu Hurayrah: "There is a tree in Paradise, a rider could travel in its shade for a hundred years, and if you wish, you can recite "And a shade, extended", and a place in Paradise equal to an arrow bow of one of you, is better than on which the sun rises and sets".
And to complement the aesthetics picture that Allah has drawn for the bliss that they will find from trees and shades, Allah has made for them "Water, poured out" falling from waterfalls where our Prophet Muhammad said in narration of Ubadah Bin Alsamit that Alfirdaws is the highest level of Paradise and from it the four rivers of Paradise are made to flow forth, and abundant fruits that do not interrupt such as the interruption of winter fruits in summer and the interruption of summer fruits in winter, and there are for them beds that raised high, and Allah has created women in a new creation, so He has made them virgins, sincere, amorous to their husbands, and equal in age.
The companions of the right of Muhammad's Ummah will be more numerous than the forerunners who are "a few of the later people", where they will be a company of the former people and a company of the later people, that is, half of them are from Muhammad's Ummah, and the other half are from the previous nations, where Allah's Messenger said in narration of Anas Bin Malik: "amongst the Apostles I would have the largest following on the day of resurrection, and I would be the first to knock at the door of Paradise". And Our Prophet gave us the glad tidings of half of the companions of the right when Abdullah Bin Mas'ud said: "We about forty men were with the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) in a camp when He said: Aren't you pleased that you should constitute one-fourth of the inhabitants of Paradise?, Abdullah said, we said yes, Allah's Messenger said again: Aren't you pleased that you should constitute one-third of the inhabitants of Paradise?, we said yes, then Allah's Messenger said: By Him in whose Hand is My life, I hope that you would constitute one-half of the inhabitants of Paradise, and the reason is that no one would be admitted into Paradise but a believer and you are no more among the people of polytheism than a white hair on the skin of a black ox or a black hair on the skin of a red ox".
Then Allah describes the conditions of the companions of the left in the next sixteen verses (41-56) "And the companions of the left, what are the companions of the left?, in scorching winds, and scalding water, and a shade of black smoke, neither cool nor beneficial, indeed, they were before that, indulging in luxury, and were persisting in the great sin, and they used to say is it that when we die and become dust and bones, indeed, Shall we be resurrected?, and also our former fathers, say, indeed, the former people and the later people, surely will be gathered for the appointed time of a well-known day, then, indeed, you, o those astray, the deniers, you will surely eat from the tree of Zaqqum, and will fill the bellies with it, and will drink from the scalding water over it, and will drink as the drinking of the thirsty camels, this is their hospitality on the day of Judgment", where Allah describes the torment that He prepared for the companions of the left, and He says "What are the companions of the left?" to magnify the torment that they will find, as they are deprived of everything that is cold and from what relieve them from the Hellfire, that is, their air that blows on them is hot, their water is boiling, and their shades are black smoke that does not protect them from the flames, and Allah confirms this meaning in Surat Alnab' Ayat (24,25) where He says "They shall taste therein neither cool nor a drink, except boiling water and pus".
They deserved that torment because they were indulging in luxury and affluence in the worldly life, they immersed themselves in its pleasures, they insisted on polytheism, they worshiped their idols besides Allah, they used to deny the resurrection and ruled out its occurrence, and they ruled out that Allah will revive them and their former fathers after they had turned into bones and dust, and this is similar to Ayat (16,17) of Surat Alsaffat, thereupon, Allah commanded His Messenger to tell them that they all (the former and the later people) will be gathered on the day of resurrection which is a specific day and it will inevitably happen, then Allah confirms to those who strayed from guidance and denied the resurrection that they will eat from the tree of Zaqqum, and they will fill their bellies with it, and our Prophet (PBUH) said in narration of Ibn Abbas: "If a drop of Alzaqqum were to drip into the abode of world, it would spoil the livelihood of the people, so how about someone for whom it is his food", and they will drink boiling water over Alzaqqum like the thirsty camels that drink but do not satiate, and this will be their livelihood and hospitality that Allah has prepared for them on the day of Judgement.
Therefore, Allah gives four arguments to the deniers of the resurrection as a kind of sarcasm, which demonstrate His greatness and His power, and reflect their complete inability to create themselves, their food, their drink, and the fire they use. The first argument comes in Ayat (57-62) "We have created you, so Why do you not believe?, Do you see what you have put from semen?, Is it you who create it, or Are We the Creators?, We have decreed the death among you, and We are not to be outdone, in that We will replace your likenesses, and produce you in what you do not know, and you certainly have known the first creation, so Why do you not be reminded?", where Allah assures them that the One who created them the first time is Able to bring them back on the day of resurrection even if they deny it as mentioned above, and Allah sarcastically asks them whether they are the ones who create from the semen that they put in the wombs of their women a perfect human being, or is Allah the Creator?, hence, Allah affirms that He has decreed death for man, and He is Able to replace them with others after their death, and to resurrect them in any form He wills, and no one will precede Him in that. Since they know the first creation that begins with a drop of semen, why they do not be reminded and believe that Allah is Capable of the second creation.
The second argument is the next five verses (63-67) "And Do you see what you sow?, Is it you who make it grow, or Are We the Growers?, If We will, we can certainly make it debris, then you would remain wondering, indeed, we have been punished, but, we are deprived", where Allah sarcastically asks them whether they are the ones who germinate the seeds that they put in the soil or is Allah the One who grows it as He wills?, all they have to do is start planting by throwing the seeds, but they do not have the ability to grow and to reap the plants as they like, and because only Allah is Able to germinate the seeds, He also is Able to turn it into debris if He wills, and if He did, they would wonder why it has turned into debris that would not benefit them at all, and they will realize that they have been punished, and they have been deprived of the crops they has sown with their own hands.
The third argument comes in Ayat (68-70) "And Do you see the water that you drink?, Is it you who send it down from the clouds, or Is it We who send it down?, If We will, we can certainly make it too salty, so Why do you not give thanks?", that is, Allah sarcastically asks them whether they are the ones who sends down the water they drink from the clouds or Allah is the One who sends it down, and because Allah is the only One who is Able to send water down to the earth, He also is Able to make it too salt that does not benefit them for drinking or planting, so why they do not thank Him for the blessing of the fresh water that He has bestowed upon them.
The fourth argument is in the next four verses (71-74) "And Do you see the fire that you ignite, Is it you who originate its tree, or Are We the Originators?, We have made it a reminder and a benefit for the travelers, So Glorify the Name of your Lord, the Most Great", where Allah sarcastically asks them whether they are the ones who produce the tree from which they kindle the fire or Allah is the One who produce it?. Allah has made the fire a reminder of the fire of the Hereafter, and Allah's Messenger (PBUH) said in narration of Abu Hurayrah: "Your fire is one of seventy parts of the Hellfire", likewise, Allah has made the fire a benefit for the travelers across the desert, there is a dilemma, since fire benefits the travelers and the residents, so Why did Allah specifically mention the travelers in this verse?, in fact, Allah has mentioned a special type of fire that He made a benefit for the travelers across the desert, where the Arab used to extract fire from the trees of Almarkh (Leptadenia) and Alafar (Buddleja), which grow in the desert, by rubbing two green branches from both trees together, so the sparks of fire would come out, and that is Allah's saying in Aya (80) of Surat Yaseen {The One who made for you fire from the green trees, then behold! You ignite from it}. These four arguments demonstrated the great power of Allah in His creation, and His Ability to resurrect them as He created them the first time, therefore, Allah commanded us immediately after these arguments to acknowledge His greatness and His power where He says "So Glorify the Name of your Lord, the Most Great".
Then Allah says in the next six verses (75-80) "But nay, I swear by the locations of the stars, and indeed, it is surely an oath, if you know, great, indeed, it is a Noble Quran, in a book, well protected, none touch it except the purified ones, a revelation from the Lord of the worlds", that is, Allah swears by the locations of the stars, and He describes that oath as being great to demonstrate something as great as it, which is the Noble Quran that has been preserved in a book with Allah which is Al-lawh Almahfouz as mentioned in Surat Alburuj, and it is saved from change and alteration, and no harm such as dust or anything else touches it, only the purified Angels can touch it, and it is a revelation from Allah to His Messenger Muhammad (PBUH).
And accordingly, Allah addresses those who deny that revelation in the next seven verses (81-87) "Is it this statement that you are the deniers of?, and you make your provision that you deny, so Why do you not, when it reaches the throat, and you are at that time, looking on, and We are nearer to him than you, but you do not see, then Why do you not, if you are not to be recompensed, bring it back, if you are truthful", that is, you are denying the Holy Quran, and instead of thanking Allah for the sustenance He has bestowed upon you, you are denying His provision where as narrated by Ibn Abbas "There as a downpour during the life of the Messenger of Allah, upon this Allah's Messenger observed: Some people entered the morning with gratitude and some with ingratitude, those who entered with gratitude said: This is the blessing of Allah, and those who entered with ingratitude said: Such and such asterism was right, it was upon this that the verse was revealed "But nay, I swear by the locations of the stars" to the verse "And you make your provision that you deny". So when the soul leaves the body at the time of death and reaches the throat, you see that but you do not possess anything for the dead besides Allah, and the Angels of death who extract his soul are closer to him than you are, but you do not see them. So if you think that you will not be resurrected and will not be recompensed, even though you see death in front of your eyes and you have nothing to do, so return the soul back to the body if you are truthful.
Then Allah describes the conditions of human beings on the day of resurrection and divides them into three categories which are the same three pairs that were mentioned at the beginning of this Surah, where Allah says in Ayat (88-96) "Then if he was of the nearest ones, then rest and provision and garden of bliss, and if he was of the companions of the right, then peace for you that you are of the companions of the right, but if he was one of the deniers, the astray, then hospitality of scalding water, and burning in the Hell, indeed, this is the true certainty, so glorify the Name of your Lord, the Most Great", where the first category are the nearest ones, who are the forerunners as mentioned above, and they will have comfort, provision, and the gardens of bliss, and the gardens of bliss (Jannatu Alna-eem) is one of the names of Paradise. The second category are the companions of the right, and they will be saved from Allah's punishment and peace for them that they are of the companions of the right. The first and the second categories are the inhabitants of Paradise, while the third category are the inhabitants of Hellfire, who are the companions of the left, and their hospitality will be from boiling water and they will be burned in the Hellfire. Then Allah describes what He has said about the three pairs, and their recompense on the day of resurrection as the truth of certainty that does not accept doubt or denial, so that He commanded us to acknowledge His greatness and His power again in the last verse "So glorify the Name of your Lord, the Most Great".