75- Surat Alqiyamah

40 Verses Meccan (revealed in Mecca)

A'auzu Bellahi mena ash-shytani ar-rajim

I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan

Bismi Ellahi Ar-rhmani Ar-rahim

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

La auqsemuo be-yawmi alqiyamah (1).

No, I swear by the day of resurrection.

Wala auqsemuo be-alnafsi al-lawamah (2).

And no, I swear by the reproaching soul.

Ayahsabuo alinsanuo al-lan najma'a ezamah (3). 

Does man think that We will not assemble his bones?.

Balla qadereena ala an nusawwiya bananah (4).

Nay! We are able to restore his fingertips.

Bal youreduo alinsanuo le-yafjura amamah (5).

But the man desires to debauching what is ahead of him.

Yas'aluo ayyana yawmu alqiyamah (6).

He asks, when is the day of resurrection?.

Fa iza bareqa albasar (7).

So when the vision is dazzled.

Wa khasafa alqamar (8).

And when the moon is eclipsed.

Wa jume'a alshamsuo wa alqamar (9).

And the sun and the moon are joined.

Yaquluo alinsanuo yawma-izin ayyna almafarr (10).

Man will say that day, where is the escape?.

Kalla la wazar (11).

Nay! there is no refuge.

Ela Rabbika yawma-izin almustaqarr (12).

To your Lord, that day, is the place of permanence.

Younabba'uo alinsanuo yawma-izin bema qaddama wa akhkhar (13).

Man will be informed that day of what he has offered, and what he has left behind.

Bali alinsanuo ala nafsehi baseerah (14). 

But! the man against himself, will be a witness.

Wa laww alqa ma'azirah (15).

Even if he presents his excuses.

La tuoharrek behi lesanaka le-ta'jala beh (16).

Do not move your tongue with it, to hasten it.

Inna alaiyna jam'ahu wa quranah (17).

Indeed upon Us its collection and its recitation.

Fa-iza qara'nahuo fa-ettabe' quranah (18).

So when We recite it, follow its recitation.

Thumma inna alaiyna bayanah (19).

Then indeed, upon Us its explanation.

Kalla bal tuohebuna alajilah (20).

Nay! but you love the immediate.

Wa tazaruona alakherah (21).

And leave the hereafter.

Wujuhun yawma-izin naderah (22).

Faces that day, will be radiant.

Ela Rabbeha nazerah (23).

Looking towards their Lord.

Wa wujuhun yawma-izin baserah (24).

And faces that day, will be gloomy.

Tazunnuo an youfa'la beha faqerah (25).

Thinking that a calamity will be done to them.

Kalla iza balaghati altaraqey (26).

Nay! when it reaches the collar bones.

Wa qeela man raq (27).

And it is said, who will cure?.

Wa zanna annahuo alferaq (28).

And he is certain that it is the parting.

Wa eltaffati alsaquo bel-saq (29).

And one shank rubs against the other.

Ela Rabbika yawma-izin almasaq (30).

To your Lord that day, is the procession.

Fala saddaqa wala salla (31).

So neither accepted the truth nor prayed.

Wa laken kazzaba wa tawalla (32).

But denied and turned away.

Thumma zahaba ela ahlehi yatamatta (33).

Then he went to his family, swaggering.

Awla laka fa awla (34).

Woe to you, and woe.

Thumma awla laka fa awla (35).

Then woe to you, and woe.

Ayahsabuo alinsanuo an youtraqa suda (36). 

Does man think that he will be left neglected?.

Alam yaku nutfatan men maniyyin youmna (37).

Was he not a sperm-drop of semen emitted?.

Thumma kana alaqatan fa khalaqa fa sawwa (38).

Then became a clinging blood, then He created and perfected.

Fa ja'ala menhuo alzawjaiyni alzakara wa aluntha (39).

Then He made of him a pair, the male and the female.

Alaiytha zalika be-qaderin ala an youhyiya almawta (40).

Is not that He able to give life to the dead?.

Simplified interpretation: 

 Surat Alqiyamah begins with "No", and it did not come in vain, rather it came followed by two oaths to refute a false belief among the infidels. Therefore, it is a response to man's belief in the third verse, where Allah says: "Does man think that We will not assemble his bones?", And this is similar to Surat Albalad, where it also begins with ''No'' followed by two oaths to refute a false belief among the infidels, where Allah says in the fifth verse of Surat Albalad "Does he think that no one will overcome him?".

 Allah swears in the first two verses by the day of resurrection, and by the reproaching soul, where He swears by the inevitable day that the infidels denies, and by the reproaching soul on that day, where everyone will blame himself on the day of resurrection even that infidel who denies the resurrection will say as mentioned in Surat Alfajr Aya (24) "O I wish, I had sent forth for my life", he will wish that he had offered some righteous deeds to save him from a severe punishment.

 After the two oaths Allah refutes a false belief among the infidels in the next verse (3) and says "Does man think that We will not assemble his bones?", where the infidels as mentioned in Surat Aljathiyah Aya (24) "And they say, there is no life but our worldly life, we die and live, and nothing destroys us except time". So Allah refutes that belief by beginning the Surah with (no) and then completing it by saying in the fourth verse "Nay! We are able to restore his fingertips", that is, Allah, Almighty have the ability to reproduce a very small part of his bones such as his fingertips, then what about the largest bones?.

 Then Allah says in the next two verses (5,6) "But the man desires to debauching what is ahead of him, he asks, when is the day of resurrection?", that is, because the denial of the resurrection makes him continue to commit sins, not caring about the torment he will find before him, and because he excluded the occurrence of that day he asks: when is the day of resurrection?. therefore Allah answers his question in the verses (7-9) that the day of resurrection will come when the sight is dazzled from the horrors of that day, and when the moon is eclipsed, where it will be deprive from its light on the day of resurrection, also the sun and the moon are joined, that as mentioned in Surat Altakwir, Our Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said in narration of Abu Hurayrah "the sun and the moon will be folded up on the day of resurrection". 

 And when these events occurs, man will say that day, where is the escape Aya (10), and Allah says in the next two verses (11,12) "Nay! there is no refuge, to your Lord, that day, is the place of permanence", he is asking as away of acknowledgment because he is certain that there is no escape from that torment, and Allah assures that there is no refuge, and the return is to Him Alone. 

 And then as mentioned in Aya (13) "Man will be informed that day of what he has offered, and what he has left behind", and this is similar to Aya (5) of Surat Alinfitar, where man will know on that day all his deeds whatever it is good deeds or evil deeds, and he will know everything that he neglected, and did not fulfill the rights of Allah over him. Then Allah says ''But! the man against himself, will be a witness, even if he presents his excuses"Ayat (14,15), that is, man will be a witness against himself, even if he apologizes and denies where as mentioned in Surat Alnoor Aya (24) "On a day when their tongues, their hands and their feet will bear witness against them as to what they used to do".

 Then Allah addresses His Messenger Muhammad (PBUH) in the next four verses (16-19) and says "Do not move your tongue with it, to hasten it, indeed upon Us its collection and its recitation, so when We recite it, follow its recitation, then indeed upon Us its explanation", where as mentioned in narration of Ibn Abbas when Gabriel (The Angel) revealed the Divine inspiration to Allah's Messenger, He (PBUH) moved His tongue and lips, and that state used to be very hard for Him, and that movement indicated that revelation was taking place, So Allah revealed these verses, and commanded him not move his tongue with the Quran to hasten it, and Allah will collect it in His mind, then commanded him to listen during revelation, and to follow its recitation, and it is for Allah to explain it through His tongue. So whenever Gabriel came to Allah's Messenger, He would keep quiet and listen, and when the Angel left, the Prophet would recite that revelation as Allah promised Him (Sahih Bukhari 4929).

 What motivates the infidels to deny the resurrection and to deny the revelation that Allah revealed to His Messenger is what came in the two verses (20,21), where they love the immediate which is the worldly life and they leave the hereafter. So on the day of resurrection as mentioned in Ayat (22-25), there will be the companions of Paradise whose faces that day, will be radiant, where as mentioned in Surat Almutaffifin Aya (24) "You will recognize in their faces the freshness of bliss", and they will see their Lord that day, and there will be the companions of Hellfire whose faces that day, will be gloomy because they will realize that a great calamity is about to be done to them.

 Then Allah describes the state of man at the time of death as if He gives a kind of deterrence to those who denies the resurrection in Ayat (26-30) where the human soul reaches the collar bones, and he suffers from what is called the rattle of death, then it is said, who will cure? that is, is there a doctor who can save him from what he is in?, and then he will be sure that it is the time of parting and separation from his family and his money, And then one shank rubs against the other, and it was said that the two shank indicates the meeting point of the worldly life and the hereafter, then Allah says "To your Lord that day, is the procession", where the return is to Allah alone.

 Thereupon Allah threatens the disbeliever with a threat after a threat four times, where he neither accepted the truth which is the Holy Quran nor performed the prayers that Allah commanded him to do. Rather he denied and turned away, then he went to his family, swaggering that is, admiring himself, showing off his gait, So Allah threatens him with a painful torment four times and says "Woe to you, and woe, then woe to you, and woe" Ayat (31-35).

 Then Allah says in Aya (36) "Does man think that he will be left neglected?", that is, does man thinks that he will be left in the grave and there is no resurrection, where the disbelievers says as mentioned above "and nothing destroys us except time", Thereupon Allah shows the greatness of his power in the creation of man in the next three verses (37-39) and says as a kind of acknowledgment "Was he not a sperm-drop of semen emitted?, then became a clinging blood, then He created and perfected, then He made of him a pair, the male and the female", where the One who created man from a sperm of semen, then the sperm turns into a clinging blood in the woman's womb, then Allah formed and perfected it, and the soul breathed into it, then became a complete creature male or female, is Able to bring him back to life on the day of resurrection, so Allah says in the last verse (40) "Is not that He able to give life to the dead?".

   

No one Knows its interpretation except Allah