82- Surat Alinfitar/Tafseer
19 Verses Meccan (revealed in Mecca)
A'auzu Bellahi mena alshaiytani alrajeem
I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan
Besmi Ellahi Alrhmani Alraheem
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Iza Alsamau infatarat (1).
When the sky has broken apart.
Wa iza alkawaqebu intatharat (2).
And when the stars have dispersed.
Wa iza albeharu fujjerat (3).
And when the seas have been burst forth.
Wa iza alquburu bu'therat (4).
And when the graves have been scattered.
Alemat nafsun ma qaddamat wa akhkharat (5).
A soul will know what it has sent forth, and what it has left behind.
Ya ayyuha al-insanu ma gharraka be-Rabbika Al-Kareem (6).
O man! What has deceived you concerning your Generous Lord.
Allazi khalaqaqa fa-sawwaka fa-adalak (7).
Who created you, then proportioned you, then perfected you.
Fee ayyi suratin ma shaa rakkabak (8).
In whatever form He willed has He assembled you.
Kalla bal tukazzebuna bel-din (9).
Nay! But you deny the Judgment.
Wa inna alaykum la-hafizeen (10).
And indeed, over you there are keepers.
Keraman katibeen (11).
Noble and recording.
Ya'lamuna ma taf'aloun (12).
They know whatever you do.
Inna al-abrara la-fee na-eem (13).
Indeed, the righteous will be in bliss.
Wa inna alfujjara la-fee jaheem (14).
And indeed, the wicked will be in Hell.
Yaslawnaha yamma al-din (15).
They will burn therein on the day of Judgment.
Wa-ma hum anha begha-ebeen (16).
And they will not be absent therefrom.
Wa-ma adraka ma yawmu al-din (17).
And What will make You know what is the day of Judgment?.
Thumma ma adraka ma yawmu al-din (18).
Then What will make you know what is the day of Judgment?.
Yawma la tamleku nafsun le-nafsin shayi-an wa al-amru yawma-izin le-llah (19).
The day when a soul will not possess anything for another soul, and the command, that day, will be entirely with Allah.
Simplified interpretation:
Surat Alinfitar is similar to Surat Alinshiqaq, as it begins by a description of some scenes of the day of resurrection in terms of the disturbances that will occur to the sky and the earth, then Allah confirms that every soul will find what it has offered and what it has neglected, will be written by the Noble Angels, and then Allah asks man what led him astray away from the way of his Creator, and confirms that it is because of his denial and disbelief of the day of Judgment, and then there will be the righteous, and the wicked, and no soul will benefit anyone except itself for the matter that day will belong to Allah alone.
Allah Almighty says in the first four verses (1-4) "When the sky has broken apart, and when the stars have dispersed, and when the seas have been burst forth, and when the graves have been scattered", that is, Allah describes two scenes of the day of resurrection that will take place in the sky and two scenes that will take place on the earth, where the sky has cleft asunder, and the stars have dispersed, and the seas have been burst forth, and the graves have been scattered, so the state of the heavens and the earth will change, and the sky will not be the sky we know, and the earth will not be the earth we know, as Allah says in Aya (48) of Surat Ibrahim {The day the earth will be replaced by another earth and the heavens, and they will come forth before Allah, the Unique, the Oft-Omnipotent}.
Allah Almighty says in the next verse (5) "A soul will know what it has sent forth, and what it has left behind", that is, the dead will be resurrected from the graves, and they shall stand before their Lord, and then man will know on that day all his deeds, whether it is good deeds or evil deeds, and he will know everything he sent forth for himself, and everything he neglected, and did not fulfill the rights of Allah in it.
Allah Almighty says in the next three verses (6-8) "O man! What has deceived you concerning your Generous Lord, who created you, then proportioned you, then perfected you, in whatever form He willed has He assembled you", that is, Allah addresses man saying as a denunciation what has led you astray from the path of your Generous Lord? and what made you able to disobey Him?, while He is the One who created you, then proportioned you, then perfected you, and in whatever form He willed, He assembled you, so He fashioned man in different forms in his physical structure, and in his external appearance.
Allah Almighty says in the next verse (9) "Nay! But you deny the Judgment", that is, Allah assures that what has made man able to disobey Allah and what has deceived him concerning His Lord is his denial of the day of resurrection, as the infidels deny the resurrection and reckoning saying {It is nothing but our worldly life, we die and we live, and we will not be resurrected}, and they say as as mentioned in Aya (37) of Surat Almu'minun.
Allah Almighty says in the next three verses (10-12) "And indeed, over you there are keepers, Noble and recording, they know whatever you do", that is, Allah warns those who deny the resurrection saying that every man has Angels over him, and that they know what he does, and they write his deeds in his book which he will find on the day of Judgment, as Allah says in Aya (13) of Surat Alisraa {And We will bring forth for him on the day of resurrection a book which he will encounter spread open.}, and from Allah's Messenger said n narration of Anas bin Malik that Allah Almighty said: "He who intends to do a good deed and does not do it, will have a good deed recorded for him, and if he does it, it will be recorded for him as ten, whereas he who intends to do an evil deed and does not do it, it will not be recorded for him, and if he does it, only one evil deed will be recorded" (Sahih Muslim 162 a).
Allah Almighty says in the next verse (13) "Indeed, the righteous will be in bliss", that is, according to that book deeds, mankind will be divided to the companions of paradise and the companions of Hellfire, and the companions of Paradise are the righteous who used to obey Allah in what He has commanded and used to avoid what He has forbidden them from, so Allah assure that they will be in eternal bliss in Paradise, and this Aya is the same of Aya (22) of Surat Almutaffifin.
Allah Almighty says in the next three verse (14-16) "And indeed, the wicked will be in Hell, they will burn therein on the day of Judgment, and they will not be absent therefrom", that is, the wicked are the companions of Hellfire, and they will enter Hellfire on the day of resurrection because of what they have sent forth for themselves of disbelief, tyranny, and stubbornness, and they will not be absent from Hellfire, nor will they find any refuge from it as Allah has stated in Aya (121) of Surat Alnisa'.
Allah Almighty says in the last three verse (17-19) "And What will make You know what is the day of Judgment?, then What will make you know what is the day of Judgment?, the day when a soul will not possess anything for another soul, and the command, that day, will be entirely with Allah", that is, Allah addresses His Messenger (PBUH) saying and What will make You know what is the day of Judgment?, then He repeated it again to glorify the affairs of the day of Judgment, and the horrors that it carries for the disbelievers, then Allah describes that day saying that no soul will benefit anyone except itself, as Allah has stated in Aya (37) of Surat Abasa Aya (37) that every man will have his own concern, so he will be careless of others {For every man among them, that day, will be a matter occupying him}.