107- Surat Alma'uon

7 Verses Meccan (revealed in Mecca)

A'auzu Bellahi mena ash-shytani ar-rajim

I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan

Bismi Ellahi Ar-rhmani Ar-rahim

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

Ara'ayta alladhi yukadhibu bid-din (1).

Have you seen the one who denies the Judgment.

Fa zalika alladhi yadu'o alyateem (2).

Then that he is the one who repulses the orphan.

Wa la yahuddu ala ta-ami almiskeen (3).

And does not encourage the feeding of the needy.

Fa waillun lilmussaleen (4).

So wail to those who pray.

Alladhina hom ann slati-him sa-huon (5).

Those who are neglectful about their prayer.

Alladhina hom yura-uon (6).

Those who make show.

Wa yamnauona alma'uon (7).

And refuse to give even small assistance.

Simplified interpretation:

 Surat Alma'uon was called by this name because the word "Alma'uon" has been mentioned therein. and it describes bad deeds of the disbelievers and hypocrites, where Allah, Almighty addresses His Messenger and says: have you seen the one who denies the Din, and the word Din is used to refer to Faith, Judgment, recompense, and requital. 

 It has been said that this Surah was revealed about a certain person, but we can not identifying that person where commentators has mentioned four names, and they are: Abu Jahl, Abu Sofian, Alwalid Bin Almughera, and Alas Bin Wa'el Alssahmy. It does not matter who that person is, but the most important is the evil deeds he committed. 

 The person who denies the Judgment pushes away the orphan instead of taking care of him Ayat (1,2). Taking care of the orphan has it's own importance in our religion for Allah commanded us not to oppress the orphan in Surat Aldduha aya (9), and to give the orphans their own property when they reach the age of adolescence and not to mix their property with ours in Surat Alnesa'a aya (2). 

 And our Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said in narration of Sahl Bin Said: ''The guardian of the orphan and I will be like these two in paradise, and He put His two fingers together (the middle and the index fingers)".

 The second and the third verses of this Surat were mentioned simultaneously in Surat Alfajr Ayat (17,18) where Allah says: "Nay! but you do not honor the orphan, and do not encourage one another to feed the needy". So by the accompanying of treating the orphan with kindness and generosity with encouraging each other to feed needy ones in the two Surahs, we understand that they of the same importance. 

 The importance of feeding the food Aya (3) comes from the state that the righteous believers will be in when they enter paradise as a reward of their deeds in the worldly life, and among their deeds "feeding the food" for Allah states in Surat Alinsaan Ayat (8,9): "And they give food, despite their love for it, to the needy, and the orphan, and the captive, we feed you only for the countenance of Allah, we desire no recompense from you nor gratitude".

 Then Allah describes the deeds of the hypocrites and says that their recompense is "wail" Aya (4), some scholars said that "Wail" refers to A valley in Jahanam (Hellfire) and they relied on the Hadith of our Prophet when He (PBUH) said in narration of Abu Sa'id Alkhudari: "Alwail is a valley in Jahanam", But others said that the word wail (woe) idiomatically carries the meaning of destruction and perishing and means that the torment will be theirs as a recompense for their deeds, and in both cases it carries the tidings of a painful torment for them. 

 Allah says in the next two verses (5,6) "Those who are neglectful about their prayer, Those who make show", where the hypocrites always are neglectful and unmindful about their prayer by performing it outside it's real time or they do not perform it faithfully, and they are active in performing their deeds when they are among the people to make show off. 

 Also hypocrites refuses to give even small assistance such as (alms, help, kindnesses,etc) Aya (7) "And refuse to give even small assistance (ma'uon)", some scholars take the original sense of the term ma'uon and said that it refers to all things which neighbors borrows from one another. But others said that they withholds charity (Zakat) and alms.  

No one Knows its interpretation except Allah