Don't pray in these cases or during these times.

    O you have believed, don't approach prayer while you are intoxicated until you know what you are saying or in state of janabah, except those passing through a place of prayer until you have washed your hole body, and if you are ill or in a journey or one of you comes from the place of relieving himself, or you have contacted women, and find no water , then seek clean earth and wipe over your faces and your hands with it, indeed,  Allah is ever Most-pardoning and Most-forgiving (alnesa'a: 43).

    Allah Azza wa Galla forbade His believing servant from praying while drunk, for one does not know the meaning of what he is saying in that state, and that was revealed before alcohol consumption was completely prohibited. When a person is drunk, he makes obvious mistakes in the recitation and will not be able to be humble during the prayer.

    Also Allah forbade aljunub (sexually impure) from praying until they bathe their entire bodies, except while passing through the masjid (mosque) without sitting down, and if you are ill or in a journey, or one of you comes from the toilet, or contacted women sexual intercourse, and you don't find water, then perform tayammum with clean earth. Illness here referring to an illness that one fears would be aggravated by using water, which could be detrimental to a part of the body, or when doing so would prolong an illness, the tayammum or dry ablution is a blessing, and a distinction of the Muslim community, it is certainly a great favour granted by Allah Almighty that He, in His mercy, has made something else to take the place of water, something which is much more easily available than water, obviously enough, land mass and dust are available everywhere.

    In addition to these cases our prophet (PBUH) said: "when one of you dozes in prayer he should sleep till his sleep is gone, for when one of you prays while he is dozing, perhaps he might curse himself if he begs pardon of Allah, and He "the prophet" says: when one of you gets up by night to pray, and falters in reciting the Quran (due to sleep), and he doesn't understand what he utters he should sleep.

    As the prayer is forbidden in these cases, it is also forbidden in three times, identified by our prophet, when He said: when you offer the dawn prayer (Alfajr) stop praying when the sun is rising till it has reached the height of one or two lances, for it rises between the horns of the devil, and the infidels offer prayer for it at that time, then pray as much as you like, because the prayer is witnessed and recorded till the shadow of a lance becomes equal to it, then cease prayer, for at that time the hell-fire is heated up and doors of hell are opened, when the sun declines pray as much as you like, for the prayer is witnessed till you pray the afternoon prayer, then cease prayer till the sun sets, for it sets between the horns of the devil, and at that time the infidels offer pray for it.

    And in a similar Hadith, our prophet said: "there's no prayer after the dawn prayer until the sun rises, and there's no prayer after the afternoon prayer (Alasr) until the sunset.

    When our prophet described the prayer of the hypocrites He said: this is how hypocrites pray, this is how hypocrites pray, this is how hypocrites pray, he sets watching the sun, and when it becomes yellow and is between the horns of the devil or is on the horns of the devil, he rises and pray four rakhahs quickly remembering Allah only seldom during them.

From this Hadith wa can simply identify the three times which the prayer is forbidden in:

1- The time of sunrise, you must wait for 30 minutes, after the sunrise, then you pray as much as you like.

2- Stop praying before Aldhuhr prayer ( noon ) for 15 minutes, then offer Aldhuhr prayer.

3- stop praying before Almaghreb prayer ( sunset ) for 15 minutes, then offer Almaghreb prayer.

    You can't pray at these times except you forget any prayer or you were sleep, for our prophet said: "if anyone forget saying prayer, he should observe it when he recalls it, for Allah has said in the Quran:"establish prayer for My remembrance", and our prophet said: there is no expiation for it except that, and said: "anyone who oversleeps or forgets the prayer, should offer it immediately". This for the obligatory prayers not the supererogatory prayers.