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48- Surat Alfath

29 Verses  Maddani (revealed in Medina)


A'auzu Bellahi mena alshytani alrajim

I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan

Bismi Ellahi Alrhmani Alrahim

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful



 Inna fatahna laka fat-han mubeena (1).
Indeed, We have given you a clear conquest.

Le-yaghfera laka Allahu ma taqaddama men zanbeka wa ma ta'akhkhara wa youtemma ne'matahuo alaiyka wa yahdeiyaka seeratan mustaqeema (2).
So that Allah may forgive for you what preceded of your sins, and what will follow, and may complete His favor upon you, and may guide You to a straight path.

Wa yansuraka Allahu nasran azeeza (3).
And may Allah support you with a mighty victory.

Huwa allazi anzala alsakeenata fee qulubi almu'meneena le-yazdaduo emanan ma'a emanehim wa lellahi junuduo alsamawati wa alardi wa kana Allahu aleeman hakeema (4).
It is He who sent down tranquility into the hearts of the believers, so that they may increase in faith with their faith, and to Allah belong the hosts of the heavens and the earth, and Allah is All-Knower, All-Wise.

Le-youdkhela almu'meneena wa almu'menati jannatin tajree men tahteha alanharuo khaledeena feeha wa youkaffera anhum sayyi-atehim wa kana zaleka enda Aallahi fawzan azeema (5).
So that He may admit the believing men and the believing women to the gardens beneath which rivers flow, abiding therein, and to remove from them their evil deeds, and that with Allah is a great For them are glad tidings in the worldly life and in the Hereafter, there is no change in the words of Allah, that is the great success.

Wa you'azzeba almunafeqeena wa almunafeqati wa almushrekeena wa almushrekati alzzanneena bellahi zanna alsaw-ee alaiyhim daeratuo alsaw-ee wa ghadeba Allahu alaiyhim wa la'nahum wa a'adda lahum jahannama wa sa'at maseera (6).
And that He may punish the hypocrite men and the hypocrite women, and the polytheist men and the polytheist women, who assume about Allah an evil conjecture, upon them is the circle of evil, and Allah has become angry with them, and has cursed them, and has prepared Hellfire for them, and evil is the fate.

Wa lellahi junuduo alsamawati wa alardi wa kana Allahu azeezan hakeema (7).
And to Allah belong the hosts of the heavens and the earth, and Allah is Almighty, All-Wise.

Inna arsalnaka shahedan wa mubashsheran wa nazeera (8).
Indeed, We have sent You as a witness and a bearer of glad tidings, and a warner.

Le-tu'menuo bellahi wa rasulehi wa tuo'azzeruhuo wa touwaqqeruhu wa tuosabbehuhuo bukratan wa aseela (9).
That you may believe in Allah and His Messenger, and venerate Him, and revere Him, and glorify Him morning and evening.
 
Inna allazina yuobayi-unaka  innama youbayi-una Allaha yaduo Allahi fawqa aydehim fa-man nakatha fa-innama yankuthuo ala nafsehi wa man awfa bema ahada alaiyhuo Allaha fasayou'teehi ajran azeema (10).
Indeed, those who pledge allegiance to You, they only pledge allegiance to Allah, the Hand of Allah is over their hands, then whoever breaks, then he only breaks against himself, and whoever fulfills what he has covenanted Allah with, He will surely give him a great reward.

Sa-yaquluo laka almukhallafuna mena ala'arabi shaghalatna amwaluna wa ahluna fa-staghfir lana yaquluona be-alsnatehim ma laytha fee qulubehim qul fa-man yamlekuo lakum mena Allahi shay-an in arada bekum darran aww arada bekum naf'an bal kana Allahu bema ta'maluona khabeera (11).
Those who remained behind of the Bedouins will say, our wealth and our families occupied us, so ask forgiveness for us, they say with their tongues what is not in their hearts, say, then who has power for you against Allah in anything, if He intends for you a harm, or intends for you a benefit, but Allah is All-Aware of what you do. 

Bal zanantum an lan yanqaleba alrasuluo wa almu'memuona ela ahlehim Abadan wa zuoyyina zaleka fee qulubekum wa zanantum zanna alsaw-ee wa kuntum qawman bura (12).
But you thought that the Messenger and the believers will never return to their families, and that was adorned in your hearts, and you assumed an evil conjecture, and you became a perished people.

Wa man lam you'men bellahi wa rasulehi fa-inna a'atadna lel-kafereena sa-eera (13).
And whoever did not believe in Allah and His Messenger, then indeed, We have prepared for the disbelievers a blazing fire.

Wa lellahi mulkuo alsamawati wa alardi yaghferuo leman yasha-uo wa you'azzebuo man yasha-uo wa kana Allahu ghafuran raheema (14).
And to Allah belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth, He forgives whom He wills and punishes whom He wills, and Allah is All-forgiving, Most Merciful.

Sa-yaquluo almukhallafuona iza entalaqtum ela maghanema let'khuzuha zaruna nattabe'kum youreduna an youbaddeluo kalama Allahi qul lan tattabe'uona ka-zalekum qala Allahu men qabluo fasa-yaquluona bal tahsudunana bal kanuo la yafqahuona ella qaleela (15).
Those who remained behind will say when you set forth to the spoils to take it, allow us to follow you, they wish to change the words of Allah, say, never, you will follow Us, thus Allah has said before, then they will say, but you envy us, but they were not understanding except a little.
      
Qul lel-mukhallafeena mena ala'arabi satuod'wna ela qawmin auli ba'sin shadeedin tuoqatelunahum aww youslemuona fa-in tuotee-uo you'tekumuo Allahu ajran hasanan wa in tatawallaw kama tawallaytum men qabluo you'zzebkum azaban aleema (16).
Say to those who remained behind of the Bedouins, you will be called to a people, possessors of strong fighting power, you will fight them, or they will submit, then if you obey, Allah will give you a good reward, and if you turn away as you had turned away before, He will punish you a painful punishment.
 
Laiytha ala ala'ma harajun wa la ala ala'raji harajun wa la ala almareedi harajun wa man youte-e ellaha wa rasulahu youdkhelhu jannatin tajree men tahteha alanharuo wa man yatawalla you'azzebhuo azaban aleema (17).
There is no blame upon the blind, nor is there a blame upon the lame, nor is there a blame upon the sick, and whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger, He will admit him into gardens beneath which rivers flow, and whoever turns away, He will punish Him a painful punishment.

Laqad radeiya Allahu ani almu'meneena iz youbayi-unaka tahta alshajarati fa-alema ma fee qulubehim fa-anzala alsakeenata alaiyhim wa athabahum fat-han qareeba (18).
Indeed, Allah was pleased with the believers when they pledged allegiance to you under the tree, and He knew what in their hearts, so He sent down the tranquility upon them, and He rewarded them with a near conquest. 

Wa maghanema katheratan ya'khuzunaha wa kana Allahu azeezan hakeema (19).
And many spoils that they would take, and Allah is Almighty, All-Wise.

Wa'dakumuo Allahu maghanema katheeratan ta'khuzunaha fa-ajjala lakum hazehi wa kaffa aydeya alnasi ankum wa letakuna ayatan lel-mu'meneena wa yahdeiyakum seeratan mustaqeema (20).
Allah has promised you many spoils that you will take, and has hastened for you this, and has withheld the hands of people from you, that it may be a sign for the believers, and He may guide you to a straight path.

Wa aukhra lam taqderuo alaiyha qad ahata Allahu beha wa kana Allahu ala kulli shay-in qadeera (21).
And other over which you were not able, indeed, Allah has encompassed it, and Allah is All-powerful over all thing. 

Wa laww qatalakumuo allazina kafaruo la-wallawuo aladbara thumma la yajeduona waliyyan wa la naseera (22).
And if those who disbelieved had fought you, they would turn the backs, then they would find neither a protector nor a helper. 

Sunnata Allahi allati qad khalat men qabluo wa lan tajeda le-sunnati ellahi tabdeela (23).
The rule of Allah that has passed before, and you will never find any change in the rule of Allah. 

Wa huwa allazi kaffa aiydiyahum ankum wa aiydiyakum anhum be-batni makkata men ba'di an azfarakum alaiyhim wa kana Allahu bema ta'maluona baseera (24).
And it is He who withheld their hands from you, and your hands from them in the valley of Mecca from after that He had given you victory over them, and Allah is All-seeing of what you do. 
 
Humuo allazina kafaruo wa saddukum ani almasjedi alharami wa alhadya ma'kufan an yabluogha mahellahuo wa laww-la rejalun mu'menuona wa nesa-on mu'menatun lam ta'lamuhum an tat'uhum fa-tuosebakum menhum ma'arratun be-ghaiyri elmin le-youdkhela Allahu fee rahmatehi man yasha-uo laww tazayyaluo la-azzabna allazina kafaruo menhum azaban aleema (25).
They are those who disbelieved and hindered you from the Sacred Mosque, while the offering was prevented from reaching its place, and if not for believing men and believing women, you did not know them that you may trample them, so a harm would befall you from them without knowledge, that Allah may admit to his mercy whom He wills, if they had been apart, We would surely have punished those who disbelieved among them, a painful punishment.

Iz ja'ala allazina kafaruo fee qulubehimuo alhameiyyata hameiyyata aljaheliyyati fa-anzala Allahu sakeenatahuo ala rasulehi wa ala almu'meneena wa alzamahum kalemata altaqwa wa kanuo ahaqqa beha wa ahlaha wa kana Allahu be-kulli shay-in aleema (26).
When those who disbelieved had made in their hearts fanaticism, the fanaticism of ignorance, then Allah sent down His tranquility upon His Messenger and upon the believers, and He made them adhere to the word of piety, and they were more deserving of it, and its people, and Allah is All-Knower of everything.  

Laqad sadaqa Allahu rasulahuo alru'ya bel-haqqi la-tadkhulunna almasjeda Alharama in sha'a Allahu ameneena muhalleqeena ru-usakum wa muqassereena la takhafuona fa-alema ma lam ta'lamuo fa-ja'ala men duoni zaleka fat-han qareeba (27).
Indeed, Allah has showed to His Messenger the dream in truth, you will surely enter the sacred Mosque if Allah wills, secure, having shaved your heads, and shortened, not fearing, so He knew what you did not know, and has made besides that a near conquest.

Huwa allazi arsala rasulahuo bel-huda wa deeni alhaqqi le-youzherahuo ala alddeni kullehi wa kafa bellahi shaheeda (28).
It is He who sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of the truth to manifest it over all religion, and sufficient is Allah as a witness.

Muhammadun rasuluo Allahi wa allazina ma'ahuo asheddauo ala alkuffari ruhamauo baiynahum tarahum rukka'an sujjadan yabtaghuona fadlan mena Allahi wa redwanan semahum fee wujuhehim men athari elsujuodi zaleka mathaluhum fee altawrati wa mathaluhum fee elinjili kazar-in akhraja shat'ahuo fa-azarahuo fa-staghlaza fa-stawa ala suqehi you'jebuo alzurra'a le-yagheeza behimuo alkuffara wa'ada Allahu allazina amanuo wa ameluo alsalehati menhum maghferatan wa ajran azeema (29).
Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, and those who are with Him are hard against the disbelievers, and merciful among themselves, you see them bowing, prostrating, seeking bounty from Allah and pleasure, their features is on their faces from the effect of prostration, that is their example in the Torah, and their example in the Gospel is like a plant which sends forth its sprout, then strengthens it, then it becomes thick, and it stands upon its stem, delighting the sowers, that He may enrage the disbelievers by them, Allah has promised those who believed, and done righteous deeds from among them forgiveness and a great reward.    


Simplified interpretation:



 Surat Alfath was revealed when the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) returned from Alhudaiybeyah in Zul-Qa'da in the sixth year of Alhijrah, where the polytheists of Mecca prevented Him from reaching the Sacred Mosque in order to perform Umrah, then they tended to reconciliation and truce, and they stipulated that the Messenger of Allah would return to Madinah that year and would come the next year to perform Umrah, so He accepted their condition where He said in narration of Almiswar Bin Makhramah "By the One in whose hand is My soul, if they ask Me any plan by which they glorify the sanctities of Allah, I will give it to them", and that was the peace treaty of Alhudaiybeyah which was hated by a group of the companions including Umar Bin Alkhattab, and when Allah's Messenger sacrificed where He was confined and returned, Allah, Almighty, revealed this Surah regarding His affair and their affair, so as narrated by Abdullah Bin Mughaffal, the Messenger of Allah recited Surat Alfath in a vibrating and pleasant voice on the day of conquest of Mecca.


 Allah says in the first verse "Indeed, We have given you a clear conquest", where Allah has promised His Prophet a clear conquest, and that was dearer for Him than that on which the sun rises as narrated by Zaid Bin Aslam from His father: "While Allah's Messenger was proceeding a night during one of His journeys, and Umar Bin Alkhattab was traveling beside Him, Umar asked Him about something but Allah's Messenger did not reply, He asked again, but He did not reply, and then He asked for the third time, but He did not reply, on that Umar Bin Alkhattab said to himself "May Umar's mother lose her son! I asked Allah's Messenger three times but He did not reply", Umar then said "I made my camel run faster and went ahead of the people, and I was afraid that some Quranic verses might be revealed about me. But before getting involved in any other matter, I heard somebody calling me, I said to myself, I fear that some Quranic verses have been revealed about me, and so I went to Allah's Messenger and greeted Him, He said: Tonight a Surah has been revealed to Me, and it is dearer to Me than that on which sun rises, then He recited "Indeed, We have given you a clear conquest".  


 Then Allah says in the next two verses (2,3) "So that Allah may forgive for you what preceded of your sins, and what will follow, and may complete His favor upon you, and may guide You to a straight path, and may Allah support you with a mighty victory", where Allah has given His Prophet glad tidings of forgiveness for His past and future sins at the time of the conquest, therefore, Allah commanded Him to seek forgiveness at the time of the conquest of Mecca, which was after the peace treaty of Alhudaiybeyah, so the forgiveness of His sins was timed at the time of the conquest because if it was at the time of Ahudaiybeyah, Allah would not have asked Him to seek forgiveness at the time of the conquest of Mecca as mentioned in Surat Alnasr Ayat (1-3) "When the victory of Allah has come and the conquest, and you see the people entering into the religion of Allah in multitudes, then glorify with the praise of your Lord, and ask His forgiveness, indeed, He is Ever accepting of repentance". Thus, Allah has singled out His Prophet with the forgiveness of His past and future sins, and it is a blessing that no one else could obtain, so as narrated by Aisha: "The Prophet (PBUH) used to offer prayer at night (For such a long time), that His feet used to crack, I said, O Allah's Messenger! Why do you do it since Allah has forgiven you your faults of the past and those to follow?, He said, should not I love to be a thankful slave?, when He became old, He prayed while sitting, but if He wanted to perform bowing, He would get up, recite (some other verses) and then perform the bowing" (Sahih Albukhari 4837). Allah also promised Him that He will complete His favor upon Him, that He will guide Him to a straight path, and that He will help Him to conquer His enemies.


 And Allah says in the next two verses (4,5) "It is He who sent down tranquility into the hearts of the believers, so that they may increase in faith with their faith, and to Allah belong the hosts of the heavens and the earth, and Allah is All-Knower, All-Wise, so that He may admit the believing men and the believing women to the gardens beneath which rivers flow, abiding therein, and to remove from them their evil deeds, and that with Allah is a great For them are glad tidings in the worldly life and in the Hereafter, there is no change in the words of Allah, that is the great success", that is, Allah has placed tranquility in the hearts of the believers on the day of Alhudaiybeyah whose number was one thousand and four hundred as narrated by Jabir, so they responded to Allah and His messenger, and accepted the command of Allah and His Messenger, so that they may increase in faith with their faith, then Allah confirms that He has the hosts of the heavens and the earth where if He has willed, He would have taken vengeance upon them as mentioned in Surat Muhammad Aya (4), but He has legislated Jihad for them for He is All-Knower of their affairs, and All-Wise in choosing the most appropriate for them. Allah has promised the believing men and the believing women the gardens of eternal bless, and the forgiveness of their sins, and this is the great For them are glad tidings in the worldly life and in the Hereafter, there is no change in the words of Allah, that is the great success, where as narrated by Anas, when Allah's Messenger recited for His companions the second verse "So that Allah may forgive for you what preceded of your sins, and what will follow", they said to Him: Congratulations O Messenger of Allah!, Allah has explained what He will do with you, but what will He do with us?, so the fifth verse was revealed "So that He may admit the believing men and the believing women to the gardens beneath which rivers flow, abiding therein".


 Then Allah says in the next two verses (6,7) "And that He may punish the hypocrite men and the hypocrite women, and the polytheist men and the polytheist women, who assume about Allah an evil conjecture, upon them is the circle of evil, and Allah has become angry with them, and has cursed them, and has prepared Hellfire for them, and evil is the fate, and to Allah belong the hosts of the heavens and the earth, and Allah is Almighty, All-Wise", that is, Allah threatened the hypocrite men, the hypocrite women, the polytheist men and polytheist women with punishment in the worldly life by defeating them, and helping His Messenger and the believers, where they thought a bad thought of Allah that He will not help His Messenger, so the circle of conjecture of evil will be upon them because what they thought will turn against themselves and Allah will not help them, and Allah has become angry with them, and has expelled them from His mercy, and He has prepared for them a painful torment in Hellfire in the Hereafter, and that is an evil destiny for them, then Allah confirms again that the hosts of the heavens and the earth belong to Him, and they are helpers against His enemies, If He had willed, He will command them to destroy the hypocrites and the polytheists. 


 Allah says in the next two verses (8,9) "Indeed, We have sent You as a witness and a bearer of glad tidings, and a warner, that you may believe in Allah and His Messenger, and venerate Him, and revere Him, and glorify Him morning and evening", that is, Allah addresses His Messenger and says that He is a witness to His Ummah that He has conveyed to them the message of His Lord in the fullest way, a bearer of glad tidings of Paradise for those who obey Allah, and a warner of Hellfire for those who disobey Him. Abdullah Bin Amro bin Alas said that this Aya appear in the Torah thus: ''Verily We have sent You (O Muhammad) a witness, a bearer of good tidings, a warner, and a protector to the illiterates, You are My slave and My Messenger, and I have named you Almutawakkil (One who relies upon Allah), You are neither hard-hearted, nor of fierce character, nor one who shouts in the markets, You did  not return evil for evil, but excuse and forgive, Allah will not take You unto Him till He guides through You a crocked nation on the right path by causing them to say "There is no god But Allah", with such a statement He will cause to open blind eyes, deaf ears, and a hardened hearts". Then Allah directs His address to the believers and confirms that He has sent His Messenger to them so that they may believe in Allah and His Messenger, revere Him in full reverence, and to glorify Him at the beginning and at the end of the day.


 Then Allah says in the next verse (10) "Indeed, those who pledge allegiance to You, they only pledge allegiance to Allah, the Hand of Allah is over their hands, then whoever breaks, then he only breaks against himself, and whoever fulfills what he has covenanted Allah with, He will surely give him a great reward", where when Quraish refused to enter the Prophet and His companions to Mecca to perform Umrah, at that time the companions, whose number was one thousand and four hundred, pledged allegiance to the Prophet to fight them and not to flee and turn away when meeting them. This pledge of allegiance was Alredwan pledge of allegiance, and it was under a Samura tree (Acacia) in Alhudaiybeyah,  and as narrated by Uthman Bin Mawhab from Abdullah Bin Umar "Allah's Messenger sent Uthman Bin Affan to Mecca to tell them that they did not come for war, but they came as a visitors to the Sacred House, where no one is more respectable in Meccan than Him, and the incident of Alredwan happened after Uthman had gone to Mecca, Allah's Messenger held out His right hand saying, this is Uthman's hand, He stroke His other hand with it saying, this (pledge of allegiance) is on behalf of Uthman". 


 But the companions were angry when the Prophet agreed to the peace treaty of Ahudaiybeyah where as narrated by Habib Bin Abi Thabit that Sahl Bin Hunaif said: "I remember how, on the day of Alhudaiybeyah (the peace treaty between the Prophet and the pagans of Quraish), If we had been allowed to choose fighting, we would have fought, at that time, Umar came to the Prophet and said: Aren't we on the right and they on the wrong?, won't our killed persons go to Paradise, and theirs in the Fire?, the Prophet replied, yes Umar said "Then why should we let our religion be degraded and return before Allah has settled the matter between us?, the Prophet said "O the son of Alkhattab! No doubt I am Allah's Messenger and Allah will never neglect Me", so Umar left the place angrily and he was so impatient that He went to Abu Bakr and said "O Abu Bakr! Aren't we on the right and they on the wrong?, Abu Bakr said "O the son of Alkhattab! He is Allah's Messenger, and Allah will never neglect Him", then this Surah was revealed, and Allah has given them glad tidings of victory over the pagans of Quraish, and confirms that their pledge of allegiance to His Prophet was an allegiance to Allah, and His hand was over their hands at the time of the pledge of allegiance, and whoever breaks His covenant with Allah, the harm will only befall him, and whoever fulfills what he has covenanted Allah with, He will surely give him a great reward which is Paradise. And as narrated by Umm Mubashshir that she heard Allah's Messenger as saying in presence of Hafsa: "If Allah wills, none of the companions of the tree who pledged allegiance under it will enter Hellfire, She said Allah's Messenger why not?, He scolded her, Hafsa said "And there is none of you except he will come to it" (Surat Maryam Aya 71), thereupon, Allah's Messenger said Allah, the Exalted and Glorious has said '' then We will save those who fear, and leave the wrongdoers therein, kneeling (Surat Maryam Aya 72)" (Sahih Muslim 2496).


 And Allah says in the next two verse (11,12) "Those who remained behind of the Bedouins will say, our wealth and our families occupied us, so ask forgiveness for us, they say with their tongues what is not in their hearts, say, then who has power for you against Allah in anything, if He intends for you a harm, or intends for you a benefit, but Allah is All-Aware of what you do, but you thought that the Messenger and the believers never return to their families, and that was adorned in your hearts, and you assumed an evil conjecture, and you became a perished people", that is, Allah informs His Messenger about the condition of the Bedouins who did not go out with Him, when He went to Mecca for Umrah, where they will say that their wealth and their families occupied them, and they will ask Him to seek forgiveness from Allah for them, but Allah knows that they say with their tongues what is not in their hearts because they ask Him forgiveness without repentance on their part or regret for their disobedience in their failure to accompany Allah's Messenger to Mecca, therefore, Allah commanded His Messenger to say to them that no one can prevent what Allah wills for them, whether evil or good, and Allah assures that nothing of their deeds is hidden from Him, secretly or openly, Where He knows that their failure to go with His Messenger wa not due you preoccupation, but rather of a bad conjecture for they thought that the Messenger of Allah and the believers will be killed and they will never return to their families in Almadinah, and Satan has adorned that in their hearts, and he made it dearer to them to stay with their families than to go out with Allah's Messenger, so they were a perished people with no good in them.


 Then Allah says in the next two verses (13,14) ''And whoever did not believe in Allah and His Messenger, then indeed, We have prepared for the disbelievers a blazing fire, And to Allah belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth, He forgives whom He wills and punishes whom He wills, and Allah is All-forgiving, Most Merciful", that is, Allah threatens the Bedouins and says that He has prepared the Hellfire for whoever did not believe in Allah and His Messenger, and whoever shows the opposite of what his heart believes in, then Allah confirms that the kingdom of the heavens and the earth belongs to Him alone, so no one can prevent what Allah wills, and He forgives whom He wills, and punishes whom He wills, but at the same time, Allah argues them to repent, and says that He is All-forgiving, Most Merciful, where He forgives those who repent, believe, and submit to Him.


 Allah says in the next verse (15) "Those who remained behind will say when you set forth to the spoils to take it, allow us to follow you, they wish to change the words of Allah, say, never, you will follow Us, thus Allah has said before, then they will say, but you envy us, but they were not understanding except a little", that is, Allah informs about the Bedouins who remained behind when Allah's Messenger went to Alhudaiybeyah, where when the Messenger and His companions go to Khaibar to conquer it, and to take spoils that Allah has promised them at the time of Ahudaiybeyah, they will ask to go out with them to the booty, and they want to change Allah's promise to the people of Ahudaiybeyah, so Allah commanded His Messenger to say to them "You will never follow us" for Allah had previously promised the people of Alhudaiybeyah the spoils of Khaibar, for them alone, so they will say that you envy us because you prevent us from going out with you lest we share the spoils with you, they will say that because most of them do not understand except little for the matter is not as they claim. 


 Then Allah says in the next verse (16) "Say to those who remained behind of the Bedouins, you will be called to a people, possessors of strong fighting power, you will fight them, or they will submit, then if you obey, Allah will give you a good reward, and if you turn away as you had turned away before, He will punish you, a painful punishment", that is, Allah gave the Bedouins who remained behind another chance to prove their faith in Allah, and their obedience to Him, where they will be called to fight a people who have a great military power, and they will fight and defeat them or their enemy will enter Islam by choice without fighting, and if they obey Allah He will give them a great reward in the worldly life and in the Hereafter, but if they turn away as they have turned away at the time of Alhudaiybeyah, Allah will punish them in the Hellfire. 


 Allah says in the next verse (17) "There is no blame upon the blind, nor is there a blame upon the lame, nor is there a blame upon the sick, and whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger, He will admit him into gardens beneath which rivers flow, and whoever turns away, He will punish Him a painful punishment", that is, Allah has legislated the excuses for abandoning fighting in His way (Jihad), among them are permanent excuses such as blindness and continuous lameness, and among them are temporary excuses such as the sickness that occurs for days and then goes away, then Allah confirms that whoever obeys Him and His Messenger, and fights in the way of Allah the enemies of Allah from among the polytheists, He will admit Him into gardens beneath which rivers flow, but whoever fails to fight without an excuse, Allah will punish him in the Hellfire on the day of resurrection. 


 Then Allah says in the next three verses (18-20) "Indeed, Allah was pleased with the believers when they pledged allegiance to you under the tree, and He knew what in their hearts, so He sent down the tranquility upon them, and He rewarded them with a near conquest, and many spoils that they would take, and Allah is Almighty, All-Wise, Allah has promised you many spoils that you will take, and has hastened for you this, and has withheld the hands of people from you, that it may be a sign for the believers, and He may guide you to a straight path", that is, the believers pledged the allegiance of Alredwan to Allah's Messenger under the Samura tree as mentioned above in Aya (10), and they were ready to fight the polytheists of Quraish, but they were saddened by the peace treaty of Alhudaiybeyah, so Allah gave them a glad tidings of His pleasure with them for He knew what in their hearts of honesty, loyalty, and obedience, so He sent down the tranquility upon them, then Allah gave them a glad tidings of a near conquest which is the conquest of Khaibar, and He singled them out with many spoils from the money of the Jews of Khaibar, and Allah assures that He is Almighty who takes revenge on those who disobey Him, All-Wise in managing His creation and disposing their affairs according what He wills of His decree. Allah did not promise them only the spoils of Khaibar, But also promised them many other spoils, and He hastened the spoils of Khaibar for them, and stopped the harm of the people of Khaibar from them, so that it would be a sign for the believers, and to reassure them after their grief on the day of Alhudaiybeyah, and to be sure that Allah is with them, He will not fail them, and He may guide them to a straight path which increases them insight, certainty, and confidence in Allah.


 And Allah says in the next three verses (21-23) "And other over which you were not able, indeed, Allah has encompassed it, and Allah is All-powerful over all thing, and if those who disbelieved had fought you, they would turn the backs, then they would find neither a protector nor a helper, the rule of Allah that has passed before, and you will never find any change in the rule of Allah", that is, Allah has promised them the conquest of Mecca which they were unable to conquer it at the time of Alhudaiybeyah because they obeyed the command of Allah and His Messenger, so Allah gave them glad tidings that He has encompassed it and prepared it for them where He is All-Powerful over all thing. Allah also gave them a glad tidings that if the polytheists of Mecca fought them, the polytheists will be defeated and will flee; For Allah will help His Messenger and the believers, then they will not find neither a protector nor a helper besides Allah, and this is the rule of Allah which has passed before in the previous nations, and it will not change for He raises faith and the truth over disbelief, and puts down falsehood.    
 

 Allah says in the next two verses (24,25) "And it is He who withheld their hands from you, and your hands from them in the valley of Mecca from after that He had given you victory over them, and Allah is All-seeing of what you do, they are those who disbelieved and hindered you from the Sacred Mosque, while the offering was prevented from reaching its place, and if not for believing men and believing women, you did not know them that you may trample them, so a harm would befall you from them without knowledge, that Allah may admit to his mercy whom He wills, if they had been apart, We would surely have punished those who disbelieved among them, a painful punishment", where Allah shows His grace upon the believers when He withheld the hands of the polytheists from the Muslims and no harm reached them, and He withheld the hands of the believers from the polytheists, so that they did not fight them, and this happened when Quraish has sent eighty people to kill the Muslims at the time of negotiations with Allah's Messenger, but Allah had given the Muslims victory over them and Allah's Messenger released them so they were called the freedmen as narrated by Anas "that eighty people swooped down from the mountain of Altan-eem to kill the Messenger of Allah during Alfajr Prayer but He captured them and later let them go", and then Allah has created the peace treaty of Alhudaiybeyah between the two parties in which there is a good for the believers, and Allah assures them that He is All-seer of what they do, and nothing of their deeds is hidden from Him.


 Although the polytheists of Mecca disbelieved in Allah, and obstructed the Muslims from entering the Sacred Mosque at the time of Alhudaiybeyah, and they prevented the sacrifice from reaching its place in Mecca, where as narrated by Jabir "We performed Alnahr (sacrifice) with the Messenger of Allah at Alhudaiybeyah a camel for seven and a cow for seven" (Every seven person sacrifice one, a cow or a camel), but Allah prevented the believers from fighting them because there were among them believing men and believing women who conceal their faith in Allah while they did not know them, and if they had fought them, they would have killed the believers without knowledge and a sin would have befallen them, and Allah has delayed their punishment in order to save the believers from among them, and if the polytheists were to be distinguished from the believers who were among them, Allah would have helped the believers over them so that they will be punished a painful punishment by the hands of the believers. 


 Then Allah says in the next verse (26) "When those who disbelieved had made in their hearts fanaticism, the fanaticism of ignorance, then Allah sent down His tranquility upon His Messenger and upon the believers, and He made them adhere to the word of piety, and they were more deserving of it, and its people, and Allah is All-Knower of everything", that is, the polytheists of Mecca had made in their hearts fanaticism to the gods they worshiped, and it was the fanaticism of ignorance era that prevented them from acknowledging the oneness of Allah and that Muhammad is His Messenger, where Suhail Bin Amro refused to acknowledge that when writing the peace treaty of Alhudaiybeyah, and this is the state of the criminals whom Allah described in Surat Alssafat Aya (35) "Indeed they, when it was said to them, there is no God but Allah, were arrogant". But Allah sent down tranquility and patience upon His Messenger and the believers when the polytheist were arrogant to accept the truth and prevented them from reaching the Sacred House, and Allah made the believers adhere to the word of righteousness, which is the acknowledgment of the oneness of Allah and that Muhammad is His Messenger, and the Muslims were more deserving and worthy of it for Allah knows who deserves good and who deserves evil.


 Allah says in the next verse (27) "Indeed, Allah has showed to His Messenger the dream in truth, you will surely enter the sacred Mosque if Allah wills, secure, having shaved your heads, and shortened, not fearing, so He knew what you did not know, and has made besides that a near conquest", that is, our Prophet had seen in a dream that He was entering the Sacred Mosque, but when He signed the peace treaty of Alhudaiybeyah with Quraish which stipulates that He would return to Madinah and come next year, so that affected the hearts of some of the companions and they astonished that the dream had not been fulfilled, therefore, Allah revealed this verse to confirm that the dream will inevitably happen, and they will enter the Sacred Mosque if Allah wills, safe at the time of entering Mecca, not fearing at the time of residence therein, and some of them have completely shaved off their heads while others just only have shortened their hair, and it is proven that shaving the hair completely is better than shortening where as narrated by Abu Hurayrah: "Allah's Messenger said O Allah! forgive those who get their heads shaved, the people asked ''Also those who get their hair cut short?, the Prophet said O Allah! forgive those who get their heads shaved, the people said  ''Also those who get their hair cut short?, the Prophet invoke Allah for those who have their heads shaved, and at the third time said "Also those who get their hair cut short". Then Allah confirms that He knew what they did not know for He knows what is good in delaying the entry to the Sacred House in the year of Alhudaiybeyah, and He promised them a near conquest instead, which is the conquest of Khaibar as mentioned above. 


 Then Allah gives them glad tidings of the victory of His Messenger and the religion of Islam over all other religions in the next verse (28) "It is He who sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of the truth to manifest it over all religion, and sufficient is Allah as a witness", that is, Allah bears witness to Himself that He will grant victory to His Messenger and He will make His religion prevail over all religion whatever He wills of time where as narrated by Ayisha that Allah's Messenger said that the night and the day would not end until the people have taken to the worship of Lat and Uzza, then Allah would sent a good wind by which everyone who has even a mustard grain of faith in his heart would die and those only would survive who would have no goodness in them, and they would revert to the religion of their forefathers". 


 Allah says in the last verse (29) "Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, and those who are with Him are hard against the disbelievers, and merciful among themselves, you see them bowing, prostrating, seeking bounty from Allah and pleasure, their features is on their faces from the effect of prostration, that is their example in the Torah, and their example in the Gospel is like a plant which sends forth its sprout, then strengthens it, then it becomes thick, and it stands upon its stem, delighting the sowers, that He may enrage the disbelievers by them, Allah has promised those who believed, and done righteous deeds from among them forgiveness and a great reward", that is, Allah confirms that there is no doubt that Muhammad is His Messenger, and praises His companions for being cruel and violent against the polytheists and being merciful among themselves. They are sincere in worship, praying a lot, seeking Allah's grace and pleasure, and they are distinguished by the effect of prostration from tranquility and reverence because good deeds leave a light in the heart and a light on the face, so when the companions of Allah's Messenger made their intentions pure and their deeds good, everyone who looked at them admired their look and their manner, that was their example in the Torah, and their example in the Gospel is like a plant which begins weakly by sending forth its sprout, then becomes stronger, and little by little, grows up and stands on its stem, and it delights those who planted it, likewise, the companions were few in number at first where as narrated by Sa'd Bin Abi Waqqas: "No man embraced Islam before the day on which I embraced Islam, and no doubt, I remained for seven days as one-third of the extant Muslims", then they increased little by little until they became numerous and their strength increased so that Allah may enrage the disbelievers by them, and He has promised those who believed, and done righteous deeds from among  them forgiveness and a great reward.


No one Knows its interpretation except Allah


  

 

 

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