100- Surat Al-Adiyat/Tafseer
11 Verses Meccan (revealed in Mecca)
A'auzu Bellahi mena alshaiytani alrajeem
I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan
Besmi Ellahi Alrhmani Alraheem
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Wal-adiyati dabha (1).
By the racers, panting.
Fa-lmuriyati qad-ha (2).
And the producers of sparks, striking.
Fa-lmughirati subha (3).
And the chargers at dawn
Fa-atharna behi naq'a (4).
Stirring up thereby dust.
Fa-wasatna behi jam'a (5).
Then, Arriving thereby in the center collectively.
Inna al-insana le-rabbehi la-kanud (6).
Indeed, man is ungrateful to his Lord.
Wa innahu ala zaleka la-shaheed (7).
And indeed, he is a witness to that.
Wa innahu le-hubbi al-khairi la-shadeed (8).
And he, in love of wealth, is intense.
Afala ya'lamu iza bu'thera ma fi al-qubur (9).
But Does he not know that when what in the graves will be scattered.
Wa hussila ma fi alsudur (10).
And that when what within the breasts will be obtained.
Inna Rabbahum behim yawma-izin la-Khabeer (11).
Indeed, their Lord, that day, is All-Aware of them.
Simplified interpretation:
Surat Al-Adiyat begins with an oath, and if Allah Almighty swore by something, this means that He is dealing with an important fact, So Allah swears by Al-Adiyat and describes it in the first five verses, and then Allah shows the reality of man in his relationship with His Lord, and the way he deals with His blessings in the three following verses. Then the last three verses describe some scenes of the Hereafter.
The vast majority of commentators said that Aladiyat means the horses in the way of Allah, for Allah describes the horses of the warriors when they enter the battle, saying that they are panting (dabha), and the commentators said that none of animals pant but horses and dogs, hence horses are what is meant in the first verse.
And that horses strike sparks of fire when their hooves rub against the stones and the rocks, and this always happens in the early morning, and then they raise thereby clouds of dust. And as a result they penetrate at the same time in the center of the disbelieving enemy.
After the oath by Aladiyat, Allah clarifies the fact of man who is very ungrateful to his Lord Aya (6), he always denies the favors which Allah has bestowed upon him, by nature he remembers the calamities and forgets all pleasures. and in a similar aya in Surat Alisraa (67) Allah says "And ever is man ungrateful".
The word "Grateful" and its derivatives were mentioned many times in the Holy Quran, for Allah loves those who are grateful, but he says in Surat Albaqarah Aya (243) {But most of the people do not give thanks.}, and in Surat Alnaml Aya (73) {And indeed, Your Lord is a Possessor of bounty for the people, but most of them do not give thanks.
So the ungrateful one will be himself a witness to that, and in addition to this Allah says that he in the love of wealth is very intense, and the severe love of wealth is forbidden because it turns man away from Allah, and it prevents him from fulfilling the rights of Allah e.g: Zakat, Alms, for Allah says in Aya (100) of Surat Alisraa Aya (100) {and ever is man stingy}.
Then Allah warns in the last three verses the person who committed these evil deeds, saying But Does he not know that when all those in the graves will be brought out in the day of resurrection, and then what within their breasts shall be gathered and will be made known and apparent.
On that day, their Lord is All-Aware of them, as He knows everything about them and nothing of their affair is hidden from Him and He knows what their breasts conceal, and what they declare as He has stated in (74) of Surat Alnaml Surat Alnaml, so He will recompense each for his resurrection.